Smart farming is an innovative approach to agriculture that integrates information technology and datadriven techniques to optimize farm management practices. This technology can enhance productivity, sustainability, and economic viability in agricultural operations by enabling farmers to tailor their actions
to specific conditions. However, current Farm Management Information Systems (FMIS) present signifnicant shortcomings, such as a lack of integration, non-standardized data formats, and interoperability issues.
This research proposes a Smart Farming Architecture Model Framework to address these challenges. The framework is designed to visually represent smart farming systems, making them more accessible and understandable. It can help identify gaps in standardization and serve as a guide for future FMIS development. The framework was validated by mapping two existing use cases from Agrifac, demonstrating its capability to represent diverse elements and interoperable layers within smart farming systems. The framework provides a holistic “system of systems” perspective while drawing inspiration from established models like the SGAM and benefiting from insights from the ISA 95 model and previous research on agricultural architecture frameworks.